Navigating disruption in the European steel market

Three major structural shifts are redefining how EU steel-consuming businesses must source, price, and decarbonise steel.

Steel is a vital input for European industry – but the market environment for steel is changing fast.

This report explores how steel-consuming businesses across Europe are responding to three major disruptions: price volatility, rising trade barriers, and new carbon regulations. Drawing on survey data, industry analysis, and conversations with strategic decision-makers and procurement and supply chain leaders, we outline how companies can navigate the uncertainty – and turn disruption into strategic advantage.

Three disruptions driving change

Our analysis focuses on the three disruptions that surfaced as the most influential in our 2025 survey of EU steel-consuming businesses:

• Steel price volatility: Unprecedented swings have made planning and contracting more complex.
• Trade barriers and supply risk: New tariffs and quota regimes are limiting options and creating uncertainty.
• Carbon costs and regulation: CBAM and ETS are driving up compliance costs and reshaping supplier competitiveness.

What does this mean for businesses?

Despite growing awareness of increasing market uncertainty and turbulence, most companies have yet to fully adapt. Many have not changed their contracting approaches, sourcing geographies, or sustainability criteria – leaving them vulnerable to price swings, compliance risks, and supply disruptions.

The report outlines targeted strategies across contracting, sourcing, forecasting, green steel access, and compliance readiness. Companies that act now can secure supply, reduce exposure, and build future-proof procurement strategies.

Behind the insights

This report is based on a proprietary survey conducted by Implement Consulting Group in Q1 2025, interviews with senior industry professionals, and desk research.